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過(guo)去(qu),我(wo)們(men)一(yi)直在(zai)(zai)積(ji)極(ji)分析(xi)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)問題(ti).從本質上講,它(ta)(ta)實際上是對噪(zao)音(yin)(yin)(yin)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi).這主要(yao)是因為當(dang)滾珠絲杠操(cao)作(zuo)時,很容易引(yin)起振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)問題(ti).但是,由于其(qi)(qi)精(jing)度和結構的(de)(de)獨特性,一(yi)般來說(shuo),由它(ta)(ta)引(yin)起的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)不是很嚴(yan)重(zhong),因此(ci)(ci)滾珠絲杠本身引(yin)起的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)不會產生(sheng)負面影響.長期以(yi)來,我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)探索(suo)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)直是控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)噪(zao)音(yin)(yin)(yin).在(zai)(zai)制(zhi)(zhi)造活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)或(huo)特定用途時,由于設(she)備在(zai)(zai)運(yun)行過(guo)程中移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong),會產生(sheng)噪(zao)音(yin)(yin)(yin),干擾(rao)其(qi)(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行,干擾(rao)生(sheng)產活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)發展,因此(ci)(ci)必(bi)須進(jin)行.仔細(xi)探索(suo)可以(yi)防止噪(zao)音(yin)(yin)(yin)現象.目前,世界上許多地(di)區都(dou)在(zai)(zai)探索(suo)這一(yi)點(dian).對于它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong),關鍵是要(yao)探索(suo)如何(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)(yin)(yin),因此(ci)(ci)對其(qi)(qi)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)分析(xi)實際上是對噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi).只(zhi)有控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)它(ta)(ta)才能(neng)(neng)得到實際意義.目前的(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)條件正(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)(zai)好轉(zhuan),我(wo)們(men)必(bi)須處理許多生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)因素.經常(chang)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)(de)規定.在(zai)(zai)當(dang)前的(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)氛(fen)圍(wei)中,環境法(fa)規非(fei)常(chang)嚴(yan)格(ge),因此(ci)(ci)對噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)有嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)(de)規定.在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)活(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)中,電器會頻繁運(yun)行,然后規定在(zai)(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)中,聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)(yin)(yin)應保持在(zai)(zai)最低(di)限度.如果(guo)要(yao)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)它(ta)(ta),必(bi)須控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滾珠絲杠的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)并(bing)使用特殊(shu)裝置進(jin)行測(ce)(ce)試.這不僅是可能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de).意義重(zhong)大,但也能(neng)(neng)獲得非(fei)常(chang)準確的(de)(de)信息.如果(guo)是通(tong)過(guo)測(ce)(ce)試噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng),很明顯(xian)環境法(fa)規非(fei)常(chang)嚴(yan)格(ge),背景聲(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)(yin)(yin)較低(di),那么應該設(she)置測(ce)(ce)試區域(yu),并(bing)且(qie)它(ta)(ta)需要(yao)花(hua)費很多錢(qian),所(suo)以(yi)有必(bi)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)來測(ce)(ce)試它(ta)(ta). 滾(gun)珠絲杠振動和噪(zao)聲的測量方法 測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)振(zhen)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法很多,如電(dian)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)法、機械方(fang)(fang)法和光(guang)學(xue)方(fang)(fang)法,其中最常(chang)用的(de)(de)(de)是電(dian)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)法.根據測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)振(zhen)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)理(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),它可以分為位(wei)移、速度和加(jia)速度.其中,位(wei)移適合于測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang).低頻振(zhen)動(dong);速度適用于測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)中頻振(zhen)動(dong);加(jia)速度適用于測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)頻振(zhen)動(dong).位(wei)移、速度和三(san)個參(can)數之間的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)速度,可以通過數學(xue)微分或積分獲得,但加(jia)速度通過積分得到(dao)速度和位(wei)移誤差(cha)(cha)較小(xiao),位(wei)移或速度的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)(cha)異更大的(de)(de)(de)誤差(cha)(cha). 測(ce)量(liang)滾(gun)(gun)珠絲杠(gang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)音的(de)(de)方法(fa)測(ce)量(liang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比測(ce)量(liang)振動和許(xu)多其他物理量(liang)更困難,并且不(bu)容易測(ce)量(liang),即測(ce)量(liang)誤(wu)差很大.用(yong)(yong)于(yu)測(ce)量(liang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)理想聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang)是(shi)自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang).自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang)意味著(zhu)在(zai)均勻各向(xiang)同性的(de)(de)介質中(zhong),可(ke)以忽略(lve)邊界(jie)影響(xiang).聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang).在(zai)自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong),聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)可(ke)以在(zai)所(suo)有方向(xiang)上傳播聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源的(de)(de)輻射(she)(she)特性而(er)沒(mei)有障(zhang)礙或干擾.然而(er),難以實(shi)現自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang),并且通(tong)常僅可(ke)以獲得滿足某些(xie)測(ce)量(liang)誤(wu)差要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)近似自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang).消(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)室中(zhong)的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang).消(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)室可(ke)以有效地吸收入射(she)(she)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo).反射(she)(she)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)對聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)影響(xiang)基本上可(ke)以忽略(lve)不(bu)計(ji).因(yin)此(ci),消(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)室中(zhong)的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang)基本上可(ke)以被(bei)視(shi)為特定(ding)頻率范圍內的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)(chang).測(ce)量(liang)滾(gun)(gun)珠絲杠(gang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)方法(fa)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)消(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)室中(zhong)的(de)(de)A加權網絡聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓級(A加權聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)模擬(ni)人(ren)耳的(de)(de)頻率特性,低(di)于(yu)55dB的(de)(de)低(di)強度(du)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),以及低(di)頻分量(liang)的(de)(de)衰(shuai)減程度(du).非(fei)常大),背(bei)(bei)景噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)求一般應(ying)(ying)小于(yu)15dB(A)或甚至12dB(A).測(ce)量(liang)時,滾(gun)(gun)珠絲杠(gang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與背(bei)(bei)景噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)差值(zhi)最好應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)10dB(A),最小值(zhi)必須(xu)在(zai)4dB(A)以上,否則很難準確測(ce)量(liang)噪(zao)(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)滾(gun)(gun)珠絲杠(gang).
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